Question 1 Medium
Is a correlation proof of a cause? Answer yes or no.
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Answer: no
- A link may have another explanation.
- So it is not proof.
Health, disease and risk factors: GCSE Combined Science Biology practice questions
A second set of questions on health, disease and risk factors. They are different from the ones on the topic page. Try each, then open the answer and compare your working.
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Question 2 Medium
Name the type of substance, such as ionising radiation, that can cause cancer.
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Answer: carcinogen
- It damages DNA.
- It is a carcinogen.
Question 3 Medium
Name one organ that can be damaged by alcohol.
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Answer: liver
- Alcohol is broken down in the body.
- It can damage the liver.
Question 4 Medium
Ice cream sales and sunburn both rise in summer. What word describes a link like this between two things?
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Answer: correlation
- The two things rise together.
- A link like this is a correlation.
Question 5 Hard
Smoking while pregnant can affect the baby. Give one effect.
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Answer: low birth mass
- Chemicals in smoke reduce oxygen supply.
- The baby may have a low birth mass.
Question 6 Hard
A virus can trigger cancer. Name the virus linked to cervical cancer.
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Answer: papillomavirus
- A virus can change cells.
- The virus is the human papillomavirus.
Question 7 Hard
Give one risk of a heart transplant operation.
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Answer: rejection
- The donor heart has different genes.
- The body may reject it.
Question 8 Hard
Give one reason why a sample size matters when judging a health study.
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Answer: larger samples are more reliable
- Small samples can give odd results by chance.
- Large samples are more reliable.
Quick checks
Short questions with options. Choose one before you open the answer.
Check 1
What is health?
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A state of physical and mental wellbeing.
Check 2
What is a communicable disease?
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A disease caused by a pathogen that can spread from person to person.
Check 3
What is a non-communicable disease?
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A disease that cannot be passed from one person to another.
Check 4
Give two examples of non-communicable diseases.
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Coronary heart disease and cancer.
Check 5
What is a risk factor?
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Something linked to an increased chance of getting a disease.
Check 6
Name two lifestyle risk factors.
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Smoking and a poor diet.
Check 7
What disease is obesity a risk factor for?
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Type 2 diabetes.
Check 8
What can smoking in pregnancy cause?
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A low birth mass.
Check 9
What can alcohol in pregnancy cause?
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Harm to the unborn baby.
Check 10
What organ can alcohol damage?
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The liver, and also the brain.
Check 11
What is a carcinogen?
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A substance or radiation that can cause cancer.
Check 12
What is the difference between correlation and cause?
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A correlation is a link. A cause means one factor makes the other happen.
Check 13
What does a statin do?
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It reduces blood cholesterol.
Check 14
What is a stent?
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A tube put in an artery to keep it open.
Check 15
What is a deficiency disease?
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A disease caused by a lack of a nutrient in the diet.
Check 16
How can a virus lead to cancer?
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By infecting cells and triggering uncontrolled division, as with the papillomavirus.
Check 17
What is a pathogen?
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A microorganism that causes disease, such as a virus or bacterium.
Check 18
Give two examples of communicable diseases.
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Measles and malaria.
Check 19
What is scurvy?
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A deficiency disease caused by too little vitamin C.
Check 20
Does having a risk factor mean a person will get the disease?
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No. It only raises the chance.
Check 21
What is one risk of a heart transplant?
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The new heart may be rejected.
Check 22
How can damaged heart valves be treated?
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They can be replaced with biological or mechanical valves.
Check 23
How can a weak immune system affect health?
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It leads to more infectious diseases.
Check 24
Why should a health study have a large, representative sample?
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The results are more reliable.
Check 25
What are the coronary arteries?
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The arteries that supply the heart muscle with blood.
Check 26
What does cardiovascular mean?
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To do with the heart and blood vessels.
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